Dacryocystocele
Disease Details
Family Health Simplified
- Description
- Dacryocystocele is a condition characterized by the blockage of the nasolacrimal duct, leading to a cystic swelling near the inner corner of the eye.
- Type
- Dacryocystocele is not primarily a genetic disorder; it typically results from a congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Genetic transmission is not applicable.
- Signs And Symptoms
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Dacryocystocele is a condition that can occur to all, at any age. However, the population most affected by this rare condition are infants. The intensity of the symptoms may vary depending on the type of dacryocystocele. There are three types of dacrycystocele: acute, congenital and chronic. Acute dacryocystocele is a bacterial infection, that includes symptoms such as fever and pus from the eye region. While, chronic dacryocystocele is less severe. People with the chronic form of the condition experience symptoms of pain or discomfort from the corner of the eye. Congenital is the dacryocystocele form that appears in infants. The infant may have watering or discharge from the eyes.Common symptoms of all types of dacryocystocele include:
Pain surrounding the outer corner of the eye and areas around.
Redness
Swelling of the eyelid
Reoccurring conjunctivitis
Epiphora (overproduction of tears)
Pus or discharge
Fever - Prognosis
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Recovery for acute dacryocystocele would be a couple of days to 2 weeks, with the help of antibiotics. However, with chronic dacryocystocele recovery time varies. This recovery time all depends if the person with chronic dacryocystocele receives surgery for the condition. Recovery time for the surgery (specifically DCR), is between three and six months. The success rate of the surgery is 93%- 97%.
Mortality and morbidity rates with this condition are significantly low. This condition can have a high success rate if treated early, particularly among infants with congenital dacryocystocele. - Onset
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Onset: Dacryocystocele typically presents at birth or within the first few weeks of life.
Nan: Neonatal dacryocystocele is characterized by swelling at the inner corner of the eye due to blockage of the nasolacrimal duct. - Prevalence
- The prevalence of dacryocystocele is relatively rare, occurring in approximately 0.02-0.1% of newborns. It results from the obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct, leading to a swollen cyst in the lacrimal sac.
- Epidemiology
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Dacryocystocele is most prominent among infants, the prevalence is 1 in 3884 live births.90% of the infants with the condition recover by the time they turn a year old. Among the adult population, those 40 years old and older are more likely to develop the condition, especially women. 75% percent of dacryocystocele cases in adult are from women. Women have narrower nasal ducts than men, and are more prone to develop the condition.
Dacryocystocele becomes more prevalent among people with the following pre-existing conditions:
Deviated septum
Rhinitis - Intractability
- Dacryocystocele is not typically considered intractable. It refers to a cystic enlargement of the nasolacrimal sac, often due to congenital blockage of the tear duct. Treatment usually involves probing, massaging the nasolacrimal duct, or in some cases, surgery. If treated promptly and appropriately, the prognosis is generally good.
- Disease Severity
- Dacryocystocele, also known as congenital nasolacrimal duct cyst, is generally considered a treatable condition with a good prognosis when promptly managed. It typically involves a blockage of the nasolacrimal duct leading to cyst formation. Early diagnosis and appropriate intervention are crucial to prevent complications such as infection.
- Healthcare Professionals
- Disease Ontology ID - DOID:9939
- Pathophysiology
- The nasolacrimal system is located within the maxillary bone. The purpose of the nasolacrimal ducts is to drain tears from the eye area of the lacrimal sac and eventually through the nasal cavity. Dacryocystocele is caused by blockage on the nasolacrimal duct, as a result when mucoid fluid collects in the intermediate patent section it forms a cystic structure. The cyst is formed by the eye and nose region. A blockage of epiphora can become an area for infections to take over. Once an infection occurs, the lacrimal sac will inflame causing swelling and the cystic formation.
- Carrier Status
- Carrier status is not typically applicable to dacryocystocele. Dacryocystocele is a congenital condition where the nasolacrimal duct is blocked. It usually presents in newborns and is characterized by a swelling below the inner corner of the eye.
- Mechanism
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A dacryocystocele is a congenital condition characterized by a cystic swelling in the nasolacrimal duct, specifically at the level of the lacrimal sac, often leading to tear drainage obstruction.
**Mechanism:**
The primary mechanism involves a blockage in the nasolacrimal duct. This blockage typically occurs at two points: the proximal valve of Rosenmüller (at the junction of the lacrimal sac and the nasolacrimal duct) and the distal valve of Hasner (at the opening of the nasolacrimal duct into the nasal cavity). The simultaneous obstruction causes accumulation of fluid, mucus, and sometimes bacteria within the lacrimal sac, leading to cyst formation.
**Molecular Mechanisms:**
While the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying dacryocystocele are not extensively elucidated, gene-environment interactions play significant roles in its development. Some molecular pathways potentially involved include:
1. Dysregulation of gene expression controlling the development and patency of the nasolacrimal system.
2. Aberrations in extracellular matrix components and cell adhesion molecules which could affect the structural integrity and openness of the nasolacrimal duct.
3. Possible involvement of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors that might contribute to aberrant tissue remodeling and obstruction.
Further research is needed to detail the molecular pathophysiology of dacryocystocele, focusing on genetic and epigenetic factors that may contribute to this congenital condition. - Treatment
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Dacryocystocele treatment typically involves:
1. **Observation**: Some cases may resolve spontaneously, especially in newborns.
2. **Massage**: Digital massage (Crigler massage) of the lacrimal sac to encourage drainage.
3. **Warm Compresses**: To alleviate discomfort and promote drainage.
4. **Antibiotics**: If an infection is present, topical or oral antibiotics may be prescribed.
5. **Probing**: A minor surgical procedure to open the blocked nasolacrimal duct, commonly done if conservative treatments fail.
6. **Surgery**: In more resistant cases, dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) or other surgical interventions might be necessary to create a new drainage pathway. - Compassionate Use Treatment
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Dacryocystocele, also known as nasolacrimal duct cyst, often requires surgical intervention as the primary treatment. As of now, there are no well-documented compassionate use treatments specifically for dacryocystocele. Off-label or experimental treatments might include:
1. **Probing and Irrigation**: Sometimes used off-label in neonates if conservative measures fail and surgery is not immediately feasible.
2. **Balloon Catheter Dilation**: Used experimentally in some cases to open the nasolacrimal duct.
3. **Topical Antibiotics**: Off-label use in case of an infected dacryocystocele until definitive surgical intervention is available.
These approaches should be discussed with a healthcare provider specialized in pediatric ophthalmology or otolaryngology. - Lifestyle Recommendations
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A dacryocystocele is a congenital condition involving the blockage of the nasolacrimal duct, which can lead to a cystic mass near the inner corner of the eye. While professional medical treatment is necessary, certain lifestyle recommendations can help manage the condition:
1. **Hygiene:** Keep the area clean to prevent infection, using saline solution or prescribed cleansers.
2. **Massage:** Gentle massage of the tear duct area (under professional guidance) can help to clear the blockage.
3. **Observation:** Monitor the cyst for signs of infection such as redness, increased swelling, or discharge.
4. **Seek Early Intervention:** Consult a pediatric ophthalmologist for proper evaluation and management.
For comprehensive care, always follow the guidance of a healthcare provider. - Medication
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Dacryocystocele, also known as a congenital dacryocystocele, usually appears in newborns and involves the blockage of the tear drainage system, forming a cyst in the lacrimal sac. Medications alone are typically not sufficient to treat this condition. Management often involves:
1. **Nasal Decongestant Drops:** Sometimes prescribed to reduce nasal mucosa swelling and improve drainage.
2. **Gentle Massage (Crigler massage):** This can be done by caregivers to help open the nasolacrimal duct.
3. **Antibiotics:** These may be prescribed if there is evidence of infection (dacryocystitis).
In cases where conservative treatments are ineffective, interventional procedures such as nasolacrimal duct probing or surgery may be necessary. A consultation with a pediatric ophthalmologist is recommended for proper diagnosis and treatment planning. - Repurposable Drugs
- Dacryocystocele is a rare condition typically diagnosed in newborns, characterized by the cystic enlargement of the lacrimal sac caused by obstruction. As of now, there are no well-established repurposable drugs specifically for treating dacryocystocele. The standard treatment usually involves procedures like lacrimal sac massage, probing, or surgery to relieve the obstruction. Further clinical research may be required to explore any potential repurposable pharmacological interventions.
- Metabolites
- Dacryocystocele, also known as a congenital nasolacrimal duct cyst, does not have specific metabolites associated with its condition. It is a congenital anomaly of the nasolacrimal system, typically identified at birth or shortly thereafter, where a cyst forms due to a blockage in the nasolacrimal duct. Treatment usually involves procedures to unblock the duct, and does not focus on metabolic pathways. Therefore, no specific metabolites are implicated in the pathology or treatment of dacryocystocele.
- Nutraceuticals
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Dacryocystocele, also known as a dacryocele, is a congenital or acquired condition involving a cystic swelling of the lacrimal sac caused by nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Nutraceuticals and nanotechnology (nan) are not standard treatment options for dacryocystocele. The primary treatments typically include:
1. **Conservative Management:**
- Warm compresses.
- Gentle massage of the lacrimal sac.
- Topical antibiotics if there is an infection.
2. **Surgical Intervention:**
- Probing and irrigation of the nasolacrimal duct.
- Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) if the conservative management fails or in cases of recurrent infection.
It is essential for affected individuals to consult with a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment plans. - Peptides
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A dacryocystocele, also known as a dacryocele or nasolacrimal duct cyst, is a condition in which there is an obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct, leading to a cystic dilation of the lacrimal sac. It is typically congenital and often detected in newborns. It presents as a blue or grayish swelling near the inner corner of the eye.
Addressing your request "peptides, nan" in relation to dacryocystocele:
- **Peptides:** There is no established role for peptides in the diagnosis, treatment, or management of dacryocystocele. Treatment is generally surgical or involves probing the nasolacrimal duct.
- **Nan (Nanotechnology):** Nanotechnology is not currently a standard approach in the treatment of dacryocystocele. Traditional surgical and minimally invasive procedures remain the primary methods for addressing this condition.
If you have more specific questions or need further details, feel free to ask.